branches of Agriculture

Agriculture ;- Man had learnt cultivation near about 10000 -12000 years ago and after that he has started permanent settlement.  The development of new tools and techniques agriculture became easy .

Lets study of its different branches ;-

1.    Agronomy ;- Each crop needs special soil , water , suitable temperature and fertilizer etc. study of this is known as agronomy.

2.    Entomology ;- There are a large number of insects that damage crops . how to protect from these insects and their life-cycle etc. the study this is known as entomology.

3.    Hydrology ;- the study of soil water is known as hydrology . sometimes soil water chemicals are harmful to the crops.

4.    Microbiology ;- some bacteria are useful for crops and enrich the soil .and they are used as bio-fertilizers. But some viruses infect these bacteria and destroy them. The study of this is called microbiology.

5.    Pedology or Edaphology ;- it is the study of soils , their nature , types , mineral ,pH, water–holding capacity  etc. each crop has its different requirements . study these things is called pedology or edaphology.

6.    Nematology ;-  namatodes is a group of some round cylindrical or filiform  ( thread-like)         worms. Some of these are free-living in soil or water, but many others are plants or animal parasites.  These parasites are the causative agents of various crops diseases. Nematology deals whit the study of these pathogens and their control /protection measures.

7.    Lchthyology ;- It is the branch of agriculture that deals with fish-breeding  (fisheries).

8.    Pomology ;- it deals with cultivation of fruit-bearing plants, their specific requirements, and protection from pests and diseases.

9. Apiculture ;-it is the study of breeding of honey-bees and the technique of obtaining honey from them.

10.   Plant – Physiology ;-  it is the study of function of crop plants i.e. their requirements of water, salts, fertilizers etc. to obtain optimum yield.

11.   Plant –pathology ;- it is the study of plant diseases , their cause and protection of the crop plants from these diseases.

12.   Horticulture ;- it deals with the study fruit , vegetables and flowers. Or it deals with the gardening or parks .

13 Floriculture ;- it deals with followers .

14.      Viticulture ;- it deals with cultivation of grapes.

15.       Silviculture  ;- it deals with the study of trees growing naturally in forests or planted.

16.   Olericulture ;- it deals with study of plants used as vegetables

17.  Sericulture ;- it deals with silk worm and technique of obtaining silk from them.

    18 .    Mariculture ;- deals with sea plants , fishes and sea animals .

   19.    Pisciculture ;- rearing or cultivation of fish .

   20.    Pomiculture ;- the cultivation of fruit .

  21.Vermiculture ;- artificial rearing or cultivation of worms (Earthworms)